Physical activity plays an important role, too

Exercise also is a key part of managing blood sugar. Check with your care team before you start a new type of physical activity. This is especially important if you take medicines that lower your blood sugar. These include insulin, and sulfonylureas such as glimepiride (Amaryl) and glipizide (Glucotrol XL).

Aim to work up to at least 150 minutes of moderate to vigorous aerobic activity each week. For example, you could take a brisk walk for about 30 minutes on most days of the week. Also aim to do 2 to 3 muscle-strengthening workouts a week.

Drink water before, during and after exercise to prevent dehydration. And be sure to wear comfortable, supportive shoes.