Protect against sexually transmitted infections

Certain sexually transmitted infections can spread between women. Examples of those infections include human papillomavirus (HPV), bacterial vaginosis and trichomoniasis. Oral sex and other sexual behavior, especially with sex toys, may lead to infections. Female sexual contact may spread HIV, the virus that causes AIDS. There's no cure for HIV/AIDS and some other sexually transmitted infections, such as genital herpes. But treatment is available.

Take these steps to protect against sexually transmitted infections:

• Get tested and have your partner tested. Testing for sexually transmitted infections is important because many people don't know they're infected. Others might not be honest about their health.
• Have safer sex. During oral sex, use a small piece of latex, called a dental dam, or a latex barrier. Wash sex toys with hot soapy water between uses. Or cover them with a new condom for each use. During vaginal or anal sex that involves the fingers, consider wearing a latex glove.
• Have only one sexual partner. Another reliable way to avoid sexually transmitted infections is to stay in a long-term relationship with only one partner who isn't infected.
• Limit alcohol, and don't use drugs. If you're drunk or high, you're more likely to take sexual risks. If you choose to use injectable drugs, don't share needles.
• Get vaccinated. Vaccinations can protect you from hepatitis A and hepatitis B. These are serious liver infections that can spread through sex. The HPV vaccine is available to women up to age 26. Some women between the ages of 27 and 45 also may benefit from the HPV vaccine. An HPV infection raises the risk of cervical cancer. Other cancers, including cancers of the vulva, vagina, anus and throat, also can be caused by HPV.
• Consider pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). Some women who have sex with women, especially if a partner has HIV, may be at higher risk of HIV infection. They may benefit from taking PrEP. PrEP is a way for people who don't have HIV to prevent HIV infection by taking medicine. PrEP can reduce the risk of HIV infection in those who are at high risk. Talk to your health care provider about whether PrEP is right for you.