Short-term versus long-term effects

When you take opioids again and again over time, your body doesn't make as many endorphins. The same dose of opioids doesn't make you feel as good. This is called tolerance. One reason opioid use disorder is so common is that people who build up tolerance may feel like they must raise their doses to keep feeling good. They also may start having cravings for opioids. If they don't raise their doses, they may start having withdrawal symptoms, including worsening pain, goosebumps, anxiety, yawning and diarrhea.

Because of the risk of opioid misuse, it's often hard to get your healthcare professional to raise your dose or renew your prescription. Some opioid users who believe they need a bigger supply find illegal ways to get opioids or start using heroin. Some street drugs are laced with contaminants or much more powerful opioids such as fentanyl. The number of deaths from using heroin has gone up since more heroin now contains fentanyl.

If you're taking opioids and you've built up a tolerance, ask your healthcare professional for help. Other safe choices are available to help you make a change and keep feeling well. Don't stop opioid medicines without help from a healthcare professional. Quitting these medicines suddenly can cause serious withdrawal symptoms, including pain that's worse than it was before you started taking opioids. Your healthcare team can help you gradually and safely reduce the amount of opioids you take.