What's covered in a colonoscopy report

Your colonoscopy report includes several key sections that describe what happened during the exam and what it means for you.

• Procedure summary. This section explains why the exam was done, how well the bowel was cleaned out, and whether the healthcare professional reached the beginning of the colon, called the cecum. A complete view of the colon helps ensure accurate results.
• Findings. The doctor records what was seen during the procedure, including the presence of polyps, inflammation, bleeding or other changes in the lining of the colon.
• Pathology results. Tissue samples may be removed to examine under a microscope. The number of samples can range from one to several, depending on what is seen during the procedure. This section lists what the laboratory found when the tissue was examined under a microscope.
• Recommendations. This part outlines next steps, such as when to return for your next colonoscopy or whether lifestyle changes or additional tests are advised. If tissue samples were taken during the procedure, final recommendations may not be available until the pathology results are complete. It's important to review the recommendations with the healthcare professional who ordered your colonoscopy. If you need more guidance or follow-up, you may be referred to a doctor who treats digestive issues, called a gastroenterologist, for further care.

High-quality reports always document how well the bowel was cleaned, whether the scope reached the beginning of the colon, and details about anything irregular or any growths that were found. These details help your care team understand how accurate your results are and guide the next steps in your care. Colonoscopy quality is carefully monitored to ensure every exam meets professional standards. Healthcare institutions track measures such as how often polyps are found, how long the doctor spends examining the colon, and how often the entire colon is successfully viewed.

You can review your report to understand the main findings, but interpreting what they mean for your health should always involve your healthcare team. Discuss your findings with your care team to understand whether you are considered at low, moderate or high risk and when your next colonoscopy should be scheduled.