Reversible causes of memory loss

Many medical conditions can cause memory loss or other dementia-like symptoms. Most of these conditions can be treated. Your healthcare professional can screen you for conditions that cause reversible memory loss.

Possible causes of reversible memory loss include:

• Medicines. Certain medicines or combinations of medicines can cause forgetfulness or confusion.
• A minor head injury. A head injury from a fall or an accident — even if you don't lose consciousness — can cause memory issues.
• Emotional conditions. Stress, anxiety or depression can cause forgetfulness, confusion, difficulty concentrating and other symptoms that disrupt daily activities.
• Alcohol use disorder. Alcohol use disorder can seriously impair mental ability. Alcohol also can cause memory loss by interacting with medicines.
• Too little vitamin B-12 in the body. Vitamin B-12 helps maintain healthy nerve cells and red blood cells. Not enough vitamin B-12 — common in older adults — can affect memory.
• Hypothyroidism. An underactive thyroid gland, known as hypothyroidism, can result in forgetfulness and other symptoms related to thinking.
• Brain diseases. A tumor or infection in the brain can cause memory loss or other dementia-like symptoms.
• Sleep apnea. Sleep apnea that is not treated can affect memory. This can be improved with treatment.