Overview

Vitamin A is a nutrient the body uses to support growth, vision and cell function. It's also called retinol or retinoic acid. Vitamin A has antioxidant properties. Antioxidants are substances that might protect cells against the effects of free radicals. Free radicals are molecules made from reactions in the body or when the body is exposed to tobacco smoke or radiation. Free radicals might play a role in heart disease, cancer and other conditions.

Vitamin A is found in many foods, such as spinach, eggs, dairy products, and yellow and orange vegetables. Vitamin A also is added to some foods, such as milk, margarine and cereals. Colorful fruits and vegetables, such as carrots and cantaloupe, are high in beta-carotene. The body changes beta-carotene into vitamin A.

Taking too many vitamin A supplements can be harmful. Most people who eat a variety of food don't need to take vitamin A supplements. Those who don't have a lot of access to a variety of fresh foods or food from animals, such as people living in lower income countries, may take vitamin A supplements. People with some conditions, such as cystic fibrosis, or people who are pregnant may not get enough vitamin A, also called vitamin A deficiency. They may need to take vitamin A supplements. People with conditions that keep them from absorbing nutrients, such as Crohn's or celiac disease, also may need to take vitamin A supplements.

If you take vitamin A for its antioxidant properties, keep in mind that the supplement might not offer the same benefits as vitamins found naturally in foods.

The recommended daily amount of vitamin A is 900 micrograms (mcg) for men and 700 mcg for women. Daily vitamin A needs change slightly to 770 mcg for pregnant people and 1,300 micrograms for people who are breastfeeding.